On Kilauea and Mauna Loa

Abstract

In July 1869, Kilauea caldera was very quiet, similar to its condition in July 1868. From April to October, 1870, repeated overflows occurred, and by August 1871, the south lake had been filled. Halemaumau occupied the top of a broad, domical shield, similar to its appearance in 1864 (T. Coan, 1864a). On August 22, Halemaumau was 700 ft deep, with molten lava at the bottom. At the same time, Mauna Loa had been active for several weeks at a point said to be 4 mi southwest of Mokuaweoweo.