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The durability of rocks—Developing a test of rock resistance to chemical weathering

Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, Geocampus Lankwitz, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany

wafranke{at}chemie.fu-berlin.de

Dissolution rates of 39 rock-forming minerals were determined at 20 °C and 100 °C and different pH values, using experimental set-ups which achieve near-zero cation concentrations. Weathering rates in nature for rock above surface were estimated from data in this study and data in the literature. Extraction in a Soxhlet extractor with boiling 2.5 m acetic acid causes an acceleration of such estimated natural weathering rates by a factor of 0.25 x 10³ to 7 x 10⁴ for nearly all important rock-forming minerals, including the carbonates. The applicability of such a comparative test for rock resistance to chemical weathering was corroborated by testing 32 different rocks and building stones. Run times of only one to four days were needed for a reliable result.